The Map of The Campaigns (European, African & Middle Eastern) On the next page is the map showing the route of the Third Infantry Division's African, Middle Eastern and European advance during WWII. The strategic use of three Battalion units within the Army Division hierarchy can best be explained here.Within the Third Infantry Division, there were three battalions, the 7th, the 15th and the 30th. During the attack, the battalions were typically deployed two at a time with the third in reserve for follow-up attack. That strategy was used throughout. There was a weaving of the different units during this aggressive high speed advance. For example, the 7th and 30th would attack first and secure a forward position. Subsequently, the 15th would attack through them to a more advanced point. Then the 15th would be joined by the 30th and they would advance. And after that, the 7th would attack through and so on. Adjustments would be made based on enemy resistance, the weather, etc. Within each battalion, this weaving became even more complex as battalions had three smaller units called companies. Within each company, three platoons and within each platoon, three squads. There were also additional reserve units, French and British units, artillery, armored units, etc. There were supply and ammunition requirements. And air support coordination had to be completed for troop movements. There were bridges to secure, repair and cross under enemy fire. There were mountains to cross and thick forests to penetrate. Snow, mud and ice hampered their movements. And of course there were the enemy armies to deal with as well. This map looks like a smooth and easy triptik route across Africa, through Sicily and Italy (where my dad entered the picture) and up from Southern France into Germany. Quite the contrary, it was a constant nightmare both during and after for those that made the trip. |